这篇综述围绕一个值得麻醉医生关注的围术期管理问题，梳理近期证据并提示未来研究方向。 因此，真正需要回答的问题是：术后使用的效果及安全性分析？
下面这篇文献将回答这个问题。
文献英文标题
Effects of Esketamine on Postoperative Sleep Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
英文摘要要点
Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing esketamine with placebo, standard care, or other sedatives were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to September 1, 2025. The primary outcome was postoperative subjective sleep quality, measured by validated scales. Secondary outcomes included incidence of sleep disturbance, pain scores, anxiety, depression, and quality of recovery (QoR-15). Subgroup analyses were prespecified by dose, timing, and dexmedetomidine co-administration. Among 21 included RCTs, 15 studies with 6880 participants reported postoperative subjective sleep quality.
Results: The baseline sleep scores were comparable between esketamine and control groups. On postoperative day 1, esketamine significantly improved sleep quality (SMD = -0.40, 95% CI [-0.59, -0.20], I2 = 72%, p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses indicated that higher doses (> 0.25 mg/kg) and intraoperative administration yielded larger effects. Esketamine also significantly decreased the incidence of postoperative sleep disturbance, reduced pain scores, and improved QoR-15. No significant effects were found for anxiety or depression outcomes.
Conclusions: Perioperative esketamine significantly enhances subjective sleep quality, reduces sleep disturbance incidence, and also confers analgesic and recovery benefits.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier, CRD420251138011.
Conclusion: Perioperative esketamine significantly enhances subjective sleep quality, reduces sleep disturbance incidence, and also confers analgesic and recovery benefits.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier, CRD420251138011.
文献标题中文翻译
请在工作台补充或校正文献标题中文翻译
文献简介
这是一篇综述性文献，主要价值在于围绕明确临床问题整理近期研究进展，而不是报告单一患者队列或随机对照试验结果。解读时应重点关注作者归纳的证据框架、不同策略的适用边界和仍需研究的问题。